內窺鏡導光管作為光路傳輸的核心組件，其性能直接影響成像質量與診療精度。修復工藝需結合精密制造技術與臨床使用規范，通過系統性操作恢復設備功能。

　　As the core component of optical path transmission, the performance of endoscope light guide tube directly affects the imaging quality and diagnosis and treatment accuracy. The repair process needs to combine precision manufacturing technology with clinical usage standards, and restore equipment functionality through systematic operations.

　　故障診斷與拆解是修復的起點。導光管故障通常表現為圖像發暗、光斑缺失或色溫偏差，根源多為導光接頭破損或光導纖維斷裂。以STORZ 30°硬管內窺鏡為例，維修時需先通過冷光源檢測確認光纖完整性，若發現照明系統正常但圖像模糊，則需拆解鏡體。拆解過程需使用專用治具，如平口鉗、三腳鉗及定制銅制目鏡圈，逐步分離目鏡端與光學組件。需特別注意，全不銹鋼鏡體內部膠合工藝復雜，需通過酒精燈加熱軟化膠層，避免暴力拆卸導致二次損傷。

　　Fault diagnosis and disassembly are the starting point of repair. Light guide tube faults are usually manifested as darkening of the image, missing light spots, or color temperature deviation, and the root cause is often damage to the light guide joint or breakage of the optical fiber. Taking the STORZ 30 ° rigid tube endoscope as an example, during maintenance, it is necessary to first confirm the integrity of the optical fiber through cold light source testing. If the lighting system is found to be normal but the image is blurry, the endoscope body needs to be disassembled. The disassembly process requires the use of specialized fixtures such as pliers, three legged pliers, and customized copper eyepiece rings to gradually separate the eyepiece end from the optical components. Special attention should be paid to the complex bonding process inside the all stainless steel mirror body, which requires heating and softening the adhesive layer with an alcohol lamp to avoid secondary damage caused by violent disassembly.

　　光導纖維修復是技術核心環節。若檢測發現光束亮度不足或分布不均，需采用分段檢測法定位故障點。對于局部斷絲，可使用光纖熔接機進行單點修復，但更常見的方案是整體更換光纖束。以Karl Storz 495NE導光束為例，其標準配置為4.8mm×300mm光纖束，更換時需同步更新導光卡口。操作時需將新光纖束穿入特氟龍保護管，通過顯微鏡輔助對齊光路接口，確保光纖端面與物鏡系統耦合精度。

　　Fiber optic repair is the core technical link. If insufficient brightness or uneven distribution of the light beam is detected during testing, segmented detection method should be used to locate the fault point. For local wire breakage, a fiber fusion splicer can be used for single point repair, but a more common solution is to replace the fiber bundle as a whole. Taking the Karl Storz 495NE light guide beam as an example, its standard configuration is a 4.8mm × 300mm fiber optic bundle, and the light guide mount needs to be updated synchronously when replacing it. During operation, the new optical fiber bundle needs to be inserted into a PTFE protective tube, and the optical path interface should be aligned with the assistance of a microscope to ensure the coupling accuracy between the fiber end face and the objective system.

　　導光接頭修復需兼顧密封性與光學性能。接頭蓋玻璃破損是常見故障，若僅存細微裂紋，可采用光學膠水進行局部修補，但更穩妥的方案是整體更換。以富士能EB-530T支氣管鏡為例，其導光接頭采用雙層密封結構，更換時需先剝離老化橡膠墊圈，再壓入新接頭組件。需使用氣密性檢測儀驗證密封性，確保壓力值達標。

　　The repair of light guide joints requires a balance between sealing and optical performance. Damaged joint cover glass is a common fault. If only minor cracks remain, optical glue can be used for local repair, but a more reliable solution is to replace the entire structure. Taking the Fuji Energy EB-530T bronchoscope as an example, its light guide joint adopts a double-layer sealing structure. When replacing it, the aging rubber gasket needs to be peeled off first, and then the new joint component needs to be pressed in. It is necessary to use an air tightness tester to verify the sealing and ensure that the pressure value meets the standard.

　　性能驗證與質控是修復流程的收尾環節。需通過三項測試：1）光通量測試，使用積分球光譜儀檢測輸出光強；2）色溫校準，確保色坐標符合D65標準光源要求；3）耐久性測試，模擬臨床使用場景進行千次級彎曲循環。以奧林巴斯GIF-HQ290胃鏡為例，其修復后需通過水壓測漏儀進行30分鐘保壓測試，泄漏率需低于0.1mL/min。

　　Performance validation and quality control are the final stages of the repair process. Three tests are required: 1) Luminous flux test, using an integrating sphere spectrometer to detect the output light intensity; 2) Color temperature calibration to ensure that the color coordinates meet the requirements of the D65 standard light source; 3) Durability testing, simulating clinical use scenarios for thousands of bending cycles. Taking the Olympus GIF-HQ290 gastroscope as an example, after repair, it needs to undergo a 30 minute pressure holding test using a hydraulic leak detector, with a leakage rate of less than 0.1mL/min.

　　臨床適用性優化是高端修復的關鍵延伸。針對導光管老化導致的透光率衰減，可采用鍍膜增強技術，在光纖端面沉積增透膜層，將光透過率提升。對于彎曲部易損問題，可升級為記憶合金支撐結構，將抗疲勞次數提高。

　　Clinical applicability optimization is a key extension of high-end repair. To address the attenuation of light transmittance caused by aging of the light guide tube, coating enhancement technology can be used to deposit an anti reflective film layer on the fiber end face to increase the light transmittance. For the problem of vulnerability in curved parts, it can be upgraded to a memory alloy support structure to increase the fatigue resistance.

　　內窺鏡導光管修復需融合光學、機械、材料等多學科技術，從故障診斷到性能驗證形成標準化作業流程。隨著內窺鏡向超細徑、高清化方向發展，修復工藝正引入激光焊接、納米涂層等新技術，推動行業向專業化、精細化方向演進。

　　The repair of endoscopic light guide tubes requires the integration of multidisciplinary technologies such as optics, mechanics, and materials, forming a standardized workflow from fault diagnosis to performance verification. With the development of endoscopes towards ultra-fine diameter and high definition, repair processes are introducing new technologies such as laser welding and nano coating, driving the industry towards specialization and refinement.

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